/usr/lib/swipl/library/thread.pl
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  • swipl
    • library
      • error.pl -- Error generating support
      • apply.pl -- Apply predicates on a list
      • lists.pl -- List Manipulation
      • debug.pl -- Print debug messages and test assertions
      • broadcast.pl -- Event service
      • socket.pl -- Network socket (TCP and UDP) library
      • predicate_options.pl -- Access and analyse predicate options
      • shlib.pl -- Utility library for loading foreign objects (DLLs, shared objects)
      • option.pl -- Option list processing
      • uid.pl
      • unix.pl -- Unix specific operations
      • syslog.pl -- Unix syslog interface
      • thread_pool.pl -- Resource bounded thread management
      • gensym.pl -- Generate unique symbols
      • settings.pl -- Setting management
      • arithmetic.pl -- Extensible arithmetic
      • main.pl -- Provide entry point for scripts
      • readutil.pl -- Read utilities
      • ssl.pl -- Secure Socket Layer (SSL) library
      • crypto.pl -- Cryptography and authentication library
      • pldoc.pl -- Process source documentation
      • operators.pl -- Manage operators
      • pairs.pl -- Operations on key-value lists
      • prolog_source.pl -- Examine Prolog source-files
      • pengines.pl -- Pengines: Web Logic Programming Made Easy
      • record.pl -- Access compound arguments by name
      • memfile.pl
      • sgml.pl -- SGML, XML and HTML parser
      • quasi_quotations.pl -- Define Quasi Quotation syntax
      • pure_input.pl -- Pure Input from files and streams
      • time.pl -- Time and alarm library
      • uri.pl -- Process URIs
      • solution_sequences.pl -- Modify solution sequences
      • uuid.pl -- Universally Unique Identifier (UUID) Library
      • ordsets.pl -- Ordered set manipulation
      • random.pl -- Random numbers
      • base64.pl -- Base64 encoding and decoding
      • aggregate.pl -- Aggregation operators on backtrackable predicates
      • pcre.pl -- Perl compatible regular expression matching for SWI-Prolog
      • pengines_io.pl -- Provide Prolog I/O for HTML clients
      • sandbox.pl -- Sandboxed Prolog code
      • apply_macros.pl -- Goal expansion rules to avoid meta-calling
      • assoc.pl -- Binary associations
      • prolog_format.pl -- Analyse format specifications
      • yall.pl -- Lambda expressions
      • sha.pl -- SHA secure hashes
      • process.pl -- Create processes and redirect I/O
      • filesex.pl -- Extended operations on files
      • zlib.pl -- Zlib wrapper for SWI-Prolog
      • bdb.pl -- Berkeley DB interface
      • hash_stream.pl -- Maintain a hash on a stream
      • md5.pl -- MD5 hashes
      • porter_stem.pl
      • csv.pl -- Process CSV (Comma-Separated Values) data
      • pprint.pl -- Pretty Print Prolog terms
      • atom.pl -- Operations on atoms
      • ctypes.pl -- Character code classification
      • modules.pl -- Module utility predicates
      • occurs.pl -- Finding and counting sub-terms
      • prolog_xref.pl -- Prolog cross-referencer data collection
      • prolog_colour.pl -- Prolog syntax colouring support.
      • lazy_lists.pl -- Lazy list handling
      • prolog_code.pl -- Utilities for reasoning about code
      • ugraphs.pl -- Graph manipulation library
      • xpath.pl -- Select nodes in an XML DOM
      • iostream.pl -- Utilities to deal with streams
      • doc_http.pl -- Documentation server
      • url.pl -- Analysing and constructing URL
      • www_browser.pl -- Open a URL in the users browser
      • prolog_pack.pl -- A package manager for Prolog
      • prolog_config.pl -- Provide configuration information
      • git.pl -- Run GIT commands
      • utf8.pl -- UTF-8 encoding/decoding on lists of character codes.
      • crypt.pl
      • dialect.pl -- Support multiple Prolog dialects
      • persistency.pl -- Provide persistent dynamic predicates
      • strings.pl -- String utilities
      • dif.pl -- The dif/2 constraint
      • edinburgh.pl -- Some traditional Edinburgh predicates
      • ansi_term.pl -- Print decorated text to ANSI consoles
      • terms.pl -- Term manipulation
      • listing.pl -- List programs and pretty print clauses
      • prolog_stack.pl -- Examine the Prolog stack
      • prolog_clause.pl -- Get detailed source-information about a clause
      • prolog_breakpoints.pl -- Manage Prolog break-points
      • wfs.pl -- Well Founded Semantics interface
      • mallocinfo.pl -- Memory allocation details
      • chr.pl
      • sort.pl
      • dicts.pl -- Dict utilities
      • varnumbers.pl -- Utilities for numbered terms
      • redis.pl -- Redis client
      • nb_set.pl -- Non-backtrackable sets
      • backcomp.pl -- Backward compatibility
      • thread.pl -- High level thread primitives
        • concurrent/3
        • concurrent_forall/2
        • concurrent_forall/3
        • concurrent_and/2
        • concurrent_and/3
        • concurrent_maplist/2
        • concurrent_maplist/3
        • concurrent_maplist/4
        • first_solution/3
        • call_in_thread/2
      • tables.pl -- XSB interface to tables
      • base32.pl -- Base32 encoding and decoding
      • charsio.pl -- I/O on Lists of Character Codes
      • codesio.pl -- I/O on Lists of Character Codes
      • coinduction.pl -- Co-Logic Programming
      • date.pl -- Process dates and times
      • heaps.pl -- heaps/priority queues
      • rbtrees.pl -- Red black trees
      • statistics.pl -- Get information about resource usage
      • when.pl -- Conditional coroutining
      • archive.pl -- Access several archive formats
      • prolog_wrap.pl -- Wrapping predicates
      • protobufs.pl -- Google's Protocol Buffers ("protobufs")
      • optparse.pl -- command line parsing
      • doc_latex.pl -- PlDoc LaTeX backend
      • fastrw.pl -- Fast reading and writing of terms
      • oset.pl -- Ordered set manipulation
      • intercept.pl -- Intercept and signal interface
      • stomp.pl -- STOMP client.
      • isub.pl -- isub: a string similarity measure
      • sgml_write.pl -- XML/SGML writer module
      • table.pl
      • make.pl -- Reload modified source files
      • edit.pl -- Editor interface
      • zip.pl -- Access resource ZIP archives
      • explain.pl -- Describe Prolog Terms
      • rdf.pl -- RDF/XML parser
      • system.pl -- System utilities
      • prolog_jiti.pl -- Just In Time Indexing (JITI) utilities
      • qsave.pl -- Save current program as a state or executable
      • odbc.pl
      • paxos.pl -- A Replicated Data Store
      • c14n2.pl -- C14n2 canonical XML documents
      • streampool.pl -- Input multiplexing
      • udp_broadcast.pl -- A UDP broadcast proxy
      • editline.pl -- BSD libedit based command line editing
      • xmlenc.pl -- XML encryption library
      • cgi.pl -- Read CGI parameters
      • rdf_write.pl -- Write RDF/XML from a list of triples
      • doc_files.pl -- Create stand-alone documentation files
      • xmldsig.pl -- XML Digital signature
      • rdf_triple.pl -- Create triples from intermediate representation
      • rdf_parser.pl
      • rewrite_term.pl
      • check.pl -- Consistency checking
      • prolog_metainference.pl -- Infer meta-predicate properties
      • prolog_codewalk.pl -- Prolog code walker
      • prolog_debug.pl -- User level debugging tools
      • threadutil.pl -- Interactive thread utilities
      • mqi.pl
      • term_to_json.pl
      • portray_text.pl -- Portray text
      • snowball.pl -- The Snowball multi-lingual stemmer library
      • shell.pl -- Elementary shell commands
      • help.pl -- Text based manual
      • double_metaphone.pl -- Phonetic string matching
      • redis_streams.pl -- Using Redis streams
      • prolog_versions.pl -- Demand specific Prolog versions
      • prolog_trace.pl -- Print access to predicates
      • unicode.pl -- Unicode string handling
      • prolog_stream.pl -- A stream with Prolog callbacks
      • plunit.pl -- Unit Testing
      • rlimit.pl
      • quintus.pl -- Quintus compatibility
      • increval.pl -- Incremental dynamic predicate modification
      • readline.pl -- GNU readline interface
      • writef.pl -- Old-style formatted write
      • yaml.pl -- Process YAML data
      • prolog_autoload.pl -- Autoload all dependencies
      • test_cover.pl -- Clause coverage analysis
      • xsdp_types.pl -- XML-Schema primitive types
      • prolog_history.pl -- Per-directory persistent commandline history
      • hashtable.pl -- Hash tables
      • pwp.pl -- Prolog Well-formed Pages
      • files.pl
 concurrent(+N, :Goals, +Options) is semidet
Run Goals in parallel using N threads. This call blocks until all work has been done. The Goals must be independent. They should not communicate using shared variables or any form of global data. All Goals must be thread-safe.

Execution succeeds if all goals have succeeded. If one goal fails or throws an exception, other workers are abandoned as soon as possible and the entire computation fails or re-throws the exception. Note that if multiple goals fail or raise an error it is not defined which error or failure is reported.

On successful completion, variable bindings are returned. Note however that threads have independent stacks and therefore the goal is copied to the worker thread and the result is copied back to the caller of concurrent/3.

Choosing the right number of threads is not always obvious. Here are some scenarios:

  • If the goals are CPU intensive and normally all succeeding, typically the number of CPUs is the optimal number of threads. Less does not use all CPUs, more wastes time in context switches and also uses more memory.
  • If the tasks are I/O bound the number of threads is typically higher than the number of CPUs.
  • If one or more of the goals may fail or produce an error, using a higher number of threads may find this earlier.
Arguments:
N- Number of worker-threads to create. Using 1, no threads are created. If N is larger than the number of Goals we create exactly as many threads as there are Goals.
Goals- List of callable terms.
Options- Passed to thread_create/3 for creating the workers. Only options changing the stack-sizes can be used. In particular, do not pass the detached or alias options.
See also
- In many cases, concurrent_maplist/2 and friends is easier to program and is tractable to program analysis.