/usr/lib/swipl/library/thread.pl
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  • swipl
    • library
      • error.pl -- Error generating support
      • apply.pl -- Apply predicates on a list
      • lists.pl -- List Manipulation
      • debug.pl -- Print debug messages and test assertions
      • broadcast.pl -- Event service
      • socket.pl -- Network socket (TCP and UDP) library
      • predicate_options.pl -- Access and analyse predicate options
      • shlib.pl -- Utility library for loading foreign objects (DLLs, shared objects)
      • option.pl -- Option list processing
      • uid.pl -- User and group management on Unix systems
      • unix.pl -- Unix specific operations
      • syslog.pl -- Unix syslog interface
      • thread_pool.pl -- Resource bounded thread management
      • gensym.pl -- Generate unique symbols
      • settings.pl -- Setting management
      • arithmetic.pl -- Extensible arithmetic
      • main.pl -- Provide entry point for scripts
      • readutil.pl -- Read utilities
      • ssl.pl -- Secure Socket Layer (SSL) library
      • crypto.pl -- Cryptography and authentication library
      • pldoc.pl -- Process source documentation
      • operators.pl -- Manage operators
      • pairs.pl -- Operations on key-value lists
      • prolog_source.pl -- Examine Prolog source-files
      • pengines.pl -- Pengines: Web Logic Programming Made Easy
      • record.pl -- Access compound arguments by name
      • memfile.pl
      • sgml.pl -- SGML, XML and HTML parser
      • quasi_quotations.pl -- Define Quasi Quotation syntax
      • pure_input.pl -- Pure Input from files and streams
      • time.pl -- Time and alarm library
      • uri.pl -- Process URIs
      • solution_sequences.pl -- Modify solution sequences
      • uuid.pl -- Universally Unique Identifier (UUID) Library
      • ordsets.pl -- Ordered set manipulation
      • random.pl -- Random numbers
      • base64.pl -- Base64 encoding and decoding
      • aggregate.pl -- Aggregation operators on backtrackable predicates
      • pcre.pl -- Perl compatible regular expression matching for SWI-Prolog
      • pengines_io.pl -- Provide Prolog I/O for HTML clients
      • sandbox.pl -- Sandboxed Prolog code
      • apply_macros.pl -- Goal expansion rules to avoid meta-calling
      • assoc.pl -- Binary associations
      • prolog_format.pl -- Analyse format specifications
      • yall.pl -- Lambda expressions
      • sha.pl -- SHA secure hashes
      • process.pl -- Create processes and redirect I/O
      • filesex.pl -- Extended operations on files
      • zlib.pl -- Zlib wrapper for SWI-Prolog
      • bdb.pl -- Berkeley DB interface
      • hash_stream.pl -- Maintain a hash on a stream
      • md5.pl -- MD5 hashes
      • porter_stem.pl
      • csv.pl -- Process CSV (Comma-Separated Values) data
      • pprint.pl -- Pretty Print Prolog terms
      • atom.pl -- Operations on atoms
      • ctypes.pl -- Character code classification
      • modules.pl -- Module utility predicates
      • occurs.pl -- Finding and counting sub-terms
      • prolog_xref.pl -- Prolog cross-referencer data collection
      • prolog_colour.pl -- Prolog syntax colouring support.
      • lazy_lists.pl -- Lazy list handling
      • prolog_code.pl -- Utilities for reasoning about code
      • ugraphs.pl -- Graph manipulation library
      • xpath.pl -- Select nodes in an XML DOM
      • iostream.pl -- Utilities to deal with streams
      • doc_http.pl -- Documentation server
      • url.pl -- Analysing and constructing URL
      • www_browser.pl -- Open a URL in the users browser
      • prolog_pack.pl -- A package manager for Prolog
      • prolog_config.pl -- Provide configuration information
      • git.pl -- Run GIT commands
      • utf8.pl -- UTF-8 encoding/decoding on lists of character codes.
      • crypt.pl
      • dialect.pl -- Support multiple Prolog dialects
      • persistency.pl -- Provide persistent dynamic predicates
      • strings.pl -- String utilities
      • dif.pl -- The dif/2 constraint
      • edinburgh.pl -- Some traditional Edinburgh predicates
      • ansi_term.pl -- Print decorated text to ANSI consoles
      • terms.pl -- Term manipulation
      • listing.pl -- List programs and pretty print clauses
      • prolog_stack.pl -- Examine the Prolog stack
      • prolog_clause.pl -- Get detailed source-information about a clause
      • prolog_breakpoints.pl -- Manage Prolog break-points
      • wfs.pl -- Well Founded Semantics interface
      • mallocinfo.pl -- Memory allocation details
      • chr.pl
      • sort.pl
      • dicts.pl -- Dict utilities
      • varnumbers.pl -- Utilities for numbered terms
      • nb_set.pl -- Non-backtrackable sets
      • tables.pl -- XSB interface to tables
      • base32.pl -- Base32 encoding and decoding
      • charsio.pl -- I/O on Lists of Character Codes
      • codesio.pl -- I/O on Lists of Character Codes
      • coinduction.pl -- Co-Logic Programming
      • date.pl -- Process dates and times
      • heaps.pl -- heaps/priority queues
      • rbtrees.pl -- Red black trees
      • statistics.pl -- Get information about resource usage
      • when.pl -- Conditional coroutining
      • backcomp.pl -- Backward compatibility
      • prolog_stream.pl -- A stream with Prolog callbacks
      • editline.pl -- BSD libedit based command line editing
      • term_to_json.pl
      • help.pl -- Text based manual
      • archive.pl -- Access several archive formats
      • doc_latex.pl -- PlDoc LaTeX backend
      • stomp.pl -- STOMP client.
      • intercept.pl -- Intercept and signal interface
      • odbc.pl
      • redis.pl -- Redis client
      • unicode.pl -- Unicode string handling
      • udp_broadcast.pl -- A UDP broadcast proxy
      • table.pl
      • protobufs.pl -- Google's Protocol Buffers ("protobufs")
      • isub.pl -- isub: a string similarity measure
      • thread.pl -- High level thread primitives
        • concurrent/3
        • concurrent_forall/2
        • concurrent_forall/3
        • concurrent_and/2
        • concurrent_and/3
        • concurrent_maplist/2
        • concurrent_maplist/3
        • concurrent_maplist/4
        • first_solution/3
        • call_in_thread/2
      • plunit.pl -- Unit Testing
      • mqi.pl
      • make.pl -- Reload modified source files
      • rdf_write.pl -- Write RDF/XML from a list of triples
      • rdf.pl -- RDF/XML parser
      • redis_streams.pl -- Using Redis streams
      • snowball.pl -- The Snowball multi-lingual stemmer library
      • threadutil.pl -- Interactive thread utilities
      • paxos.pl -- A Replicated Data Store
      • cgi.pl -- Read CGI parameters
      • increval.pl -- Incremental dynamic predicate modification
      • sgml_write.pl -- XML/SGML writer module
      • double_metaphone.pl -- Phonetic string matching
      • edit.pl -- Editor interface
      • quintus.pl -- Quintus compatibility
      • writef.pl -- Old-style formatted write
      • prolog_trace.pl -- Print access to predicates
      • shell.pl -- Elementary shell commands
      • prolog_debug.pl -- User level debugging tools
      • xmlenc.pl -- XML encryption library
      • prolog_jiti.pl -- Just In Time Indexing (JITI) utilities
      • streampool.pl -- Input multiplexing
      • fastrw.pl -- Fast reading and writing of terms
      • check.pl -- Consistency checking
      • portray_text.pl -- Portray text
      • optparse.pl -- command line parsing
      • files.pl
      • system.pl -- System utilities
      • prolog_codewalk.pl -- Prolog code walker
      • prolog_metainference.pl -- Infer meta-predicate properties
      • hashtable.pl -- Hash tables
      • qsave.pl -- Save current program as a state or executable
      • zip.pl -- Access resource ZIP archives
      • c14n2.pl -- C14n2 canonical XML documents
      • prolog_wrap.pl -- Wrapping predicates
      • doc_files.pl -- Create stand-alone documentation files
      • xmldsig.pl -- XML Digital signature
      • prolog_autoload.pl -- Autoload all dependencies
      • prolog_history.pl -- Per-directory persistent commandline history
      • rlimit.pl
      • test_cover.pl -- Clause coverage analysis
      • explain.pl -- Describe Prolog Terms
      • readline.pl -- GNU readline interface
      • oset.pl -- Ordered set manipulation
      • yaml.pl -- Process YAML data
      • rdf_triple.pl -- Create triples from intermediate representation
      • pwp.pl -- Prolog Well-formed Pages
      • rdf_parser.pl
      • rewrite_term.pl
      • prolog_versions.pl -- Demand specific Prolog versions
      • xsdp_types.pl -- XML-Schema primitive types
 concurrent(+N, :Goals, +Options) is semidet
Run Goals in parallel using N threads. This call blocks until all work has been done. The Goals must be independent. They should not communicate using shared variables or any form of global data. All Goals must be thread-safe.

Execution succeeds if all goals have succeeded. If one goal fails or throws an exception, other workers are abandoned as soon as possible and the entire computation fails or re-throws the exception. Note that if multiple goals fail or raise an error it is not defined which error or failure is reported.

On successful completion, variable bindings are returned. Note however that threads have independent stacks and therefore the goal is copied to the worker thread and the result is copied back to the caller of concurrent/3.

Choosing the right number of threads is not always obvious. Here are some scenarios:

  • If the goals are CPU intensive and normally all succeeding, typically the number of CPUs is the optimal number of threads. Less does not use all CPUs, more wastes time in context switches and also uses more memory.
  • If the tasks are I/O bound the number of threads is typically higher than the number of CPUs.
  • If one or more of the goals may fail or produce an error, using a higher number of threads may find this earlier.
Arguments:
N- Number of worker-threads to create. Using 1, no threads are created. If N is larger than the number of Goals we create exactly as many threads as there are Goals.
Goals- List of callable terms.
Options- Passed to thread_create/3 for creating the workers. Only options changing the stack-sizes can be used. In particular, do not pass the detached or alias options.
See also
- In many cases, concurrent_maplist/2 and friends is easier to program and is tractable to program analysis.