1.7 CQL Examples
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  • Documentation
    • Reference manual
    • Packages
      • Constraint Query Language A high level interface to SQL databases
        • library(cql/cql): CQL - Constraint Query Language
          • CQL Examples
            • CQL Simple INSERT
            • CQL Simple INSERT with retrieval of identity of the inserted
            • CQL Simple DELETE
            • CQL Simple SELECT
            • CQL Simple UPDATE
            • CQL WHERE with arithmetic comparison
            • CQL Simple INNER JOIN
            • CQL Arithmetic UPDATE with an INNER JOIN and a WHERE restriction
            • CQL: Confirm row does not exist
            • CQL: Aggregation - Count
            • CQL: Aggregation - Sum
            • CQL: Aggregation - Average
            • CQL: Maximum Value
            • CQL: Minimum Value
            • CQL: Aggregation requiring GROUP BY
            • CQL: INNER JOIN with an aggregation sub-query where the sub-query is constrained by a shared variable from the main query
            • CQL: INNER JOIN in an aggregation sub-query
            • CQL: Negation
            • CQL: EXISTS
            • CQL: Left Outer Join
            • CQL: List-based Restrictions
            • CQL: Compile time in-list constraint
            • CQL: Disjunction resulting in OR in WHERE clause
            • CQL: Disjunction resulting in different joins (implemented as a SQL UNION)
            • CQL: Disjunction resulting in different SELECT attributes (implemented as separate ODBC queries)
            • CQL: ORDER BY
            • CQL: DISTINCT
            • CQL: SELECT with NOT NULL restriction
            • CQL: First N
            • CQL: Self JOIN
            • CQL: Removing null comparisions
            • CQL: Three table JOIN
            • CQL: Three table JOIN with NOLOCK locking hint
            • CQL: SELECT with LIKE
            • CQL: Writing exceptions directly to the database
            • CQL: TOP N is Parametric
            • CQL: Using compile_time_goal/1
            • CQL: ON
            • CQL: Expressions In Where Restrictions
            • CQL: Explicitly avoid the "No WHERE restriction" message
            • CQL: HAVING
            • CQL: INSERT and UPDATE value in-line formatting
            • CQL: Negations in WHERE Clauses
            • CQL: Predicate-generated Attribute Values
            • CQL: INSERT from SELECT

1.7.31 CQL: Removing null comparisions

Use the ignore_if_null wrapper in your CQL to’filter out' null input values. This is a useful extension for creating user-designed searches.

{[],
 se_lt_x :: [a-UserName,
             b-ignore_if_null(SearchKey),
             ...]}

At runtime, if SearchKey is bound to a value other than {null} then the query will contain WHERE ... b = ?. If, however, SearchKey is bound to {null}, then this comparison will be omitted.

Disjunctions

In general, don't use ignore_if_null in disjunctions. Consider this query:

SearchKey = '%ELSTON%',
{[],
 se_lt_x :: [a-UserName,
             b-RealName],
 ( RealName =~ SearchKey
 ; UserName =~ SearchKey)}

The query means "find a user where the UserName contains ELSTON OR the RealName contain ELSTON". If !SearchKey is {null} then RealName=~ {null} will fail, which is correct. If ignore_if_null was used, the test would succeed, which means the disjunction would always succeed i.e. the query would contain no restriction, which is clearly not the intended result. FIXME: Mike, what is this all about?